This is a recurrent form of ocular allergy which is characterized by severe and chronic inflammation of the front surfaces of the eye.
This occurs mainly in children and young adults, with onset often occuring in the first decade of life. It is more common in males than in females.
This could also be called Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) when it starts affecting the cornea.
Common symptoms include;
- Itching
- Burning sensation
- Foreign body sensation
- Watery eyes
- Stringy discharge
- Sensitivity to light ,etc.
Clinical signs;
- Discoloration(brownish) of the whitish part of the eye( bulbar conjunctiva).
- Giant papillae; the inside of the eyelid most often the upper eyelid becomes rough and covered with bumps.
- Trantas dot; the area around the cornea where the white part of the eye and cornea meets(limbus) may become rough and swollen.
Complications.
- Scarring of the cornea(injury )
- Reduced vision
- Most times could lead to blindness.
Predisposing factors;
- Patients with a history of Eczema and Asthma
- Family history of atopic (allergic)disease
- Prevalent in dry or warm climates
- Prevalent in tropics
It is important to always observe children and young adults for reoccurring eye itching. When this happens it is best advised to visit an eye clinic for a comprehensive eye examination to enable proper diagnoses and adequate treatment.